IFC – What is an IFC model and what is it used for?
IFC is the cornerstone of BIM, enabling interoperability and efficient information exchange between different software and stakeholders. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the IFC model, its related concepts, viewers, and practical benefits and challenges. The article also presents the best tools for viewing and managing IFC models, and provides practical tips for utilizing them in design, implementation, and maintenance. The target group is construction industry players, designers, developers, and clients who want to understand the significance and possibilities of IFC – and find a reliable partner, such as Visu24, for their IFC projects.
The article answers the following questions:
What is an IFC model?
How is the IFC model used in the construction industry?
What are the benefits of an IFC file for different stakeholders?
How is an IFC model different from other file formats?
Why is IFC important in construction projects?
The IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) model is an open file format that enables the exchange of construction project data between different software and actors. IFC is a central part of BIM (Building Information Modeling) processes, and its use covers the different phases of design, construction and maintenance. The IFC file contains comprehensive information about the geometry of the building, its properties and the responsibilities of stakeholders. This enables efficient data management and reduces errors in different phases of the project. The IFC model has become an international standard that supports interoperability and long-term data preservation.
Using the IFC model brings significant benefits, such as better design quality, faster information exchange and clearer collaboration between different parties. It also supports transparency because the data is not locked up in a single software vendor. This makes IFC an attractive option, especially for complex construction projects where precise data management is required.
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Illustration of an IFC model in a construction project
IFC Model – Basics and Importance in the Construction Industry
The IFC model is the foundation of building information modeling, allowing different parties to share and utilize information seamlessly. The IFC file enables designers, architects, engineers, and contractors to use a common information model regardless of software. Using the IFC model helps reduce errors and improve project management throughout all phases of a construction project.
What is an IFC model and how is it structured?
The IFC model contains information about the different parts of a building and their properties. It acts as a database that includes, for example:
- Structures (walls, floors, ceilings)
- Technical systems (heating, ventilation, electricity)
- Materials and dimensions
- Schedules and costs
The hierarchical structure of the IFC model allows data to be retrieved and utilized efficiently in different software programs.
Benefits of IFC files in construction projects
Using an IFC file brings significant benefits to construction projects:
- Compatibility between different software
- Precise information management from design to maintenance
- Better collaboration between different stakeholders
- Reduces duplicate work and errors
Diagram of IFC file structure and data flows
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IFC file – The cornerstone of data exchange in the construction industry
The IFC file is the foundation of information exchange in the construction industry, allowing different parties on a project to share and utilize information efficiently. With the IFC file, designers, contractors and clients can view the same information model regardless of the software they use. This enables seamless collaboration and reduces the risk of errors at all stages of the project.
Using IFC files in different software
An IFC file is compatible with a variety of viewers and design programs. The most common software that supports IFC files includes:
- Trimble Connect
- BIMcollab Zoom
- Dalux BIM Viewer
- BIM Vision
- Sortdesk IFC Viewer
These allow users to view model content, perform clash checks, and generate bills of quantities, improving project management.
Example of transferring an IFC file between different software
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What is an IFC model in a construction project?
The IFC model is a central part of modern construction projects and their management. With the IFC model, parties at different stages of a construction project – architects, designers, contractors and clients – can work on a single, unified information model. This ensures that information flows seamlessly from design to implementation and on to maintenance.
The role of the IFC model in different phases of the project
The use of the IFC model covers all phases of a construction project:
- Design: The IFC model enables collaboration and information accuracy across different design disciplines.
- Achievement: the information used on the construction site remains up-to-date, which reduces errors and speeds up decision-making.
- Maintenance: The IFC model is utilized in property management, for example in the planning and documentation of maintenance activities.
Benefits of the IFC model in construction project management
Using the IFC model provides significant benefits:
- Enhanced information exchange and cooperation between different parties
- Better cost and schedule management
- Fewer errors and duplicate work
- Transparent documentation throughout the project
An illustration of the stages of a building's life cycle in an IFC model
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IFC Model Viewer – Best Options on the Market
An IFC model viewer is an essential tool for all parties involved in a construction project who need access to up-to-date information. Viewers allow you to view, analyze, and share IFC files without the need for heavy design software. These tools can help you detect design errors, perform clash checks, and improve project coordination.
Main features of IFC model viewers
A good IFC model viewer offers versatile functionality, such as:
- Model rotation, zooming, and section views
- Collision checks and error detection
- Commenting and adding notes
- Quantity surveying and report creation
These functions allow different parties to fully benefit from the IFC model and make better decisions.
Most popular IFC model viewers
There are several excellent IFC model viewers on the market, such as:
- Trimble Connect
- BIMcollab Zoom
- Dalux BIM Viewer
- BIM Vision
- Sortdesk IFC Viewer
These programs offer different price ranges and functionalities, so there is a suitable option for every user group.
Screenshots of the most popular IFC model viewers
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IFC Model Viewers – Comparison and Features
There are several powerful IFC model viewers available for construction users to view, analyze, and share IFC files at various project stages. This section compares the five most popular viewers, their features, supported file formats, and best uses.
Trimble Connect
- Features: Model viewing, commenting, task management, composite models
- Supported file formats: IFC, DWG, RVT, SKP, PDF
- Price: Free basic use, paid additional features
- Best use: Cloud-based collaboration and project management for large teams
BIMcollab Zoom
- Features: Smart Views, collision checks, issue management, extensions
- Supported file formats: IFC, BCF
- Price: Free basic version, licenses for extensions
- Best use: Managing errors and conflicts during the design phase
Dalux BIM Viewer
- Features: Mobile use, combination models, on-site commenting
- Supported file formats: IFC, DWG, PDF
- Price: Free, paid extensions
- Best use: Mobile use of the construction site and real-time information sharing
BIM Vision
- Features: Viewing IFC models, measurements, extensions with additional modules
- Supported file formats: IFC, IFCZIP
- Price: Free, paid extensions available
- Best use: Lightweight and fast viewing for small and medium models
Sortdesk IFC Viewer
- Features: Cloud and on-premises use, IDS editor, validation
- Supported file formats: IFC, IDS
- Price: Free basic version, paid additional features
- Best use: Validation and inspection in a browser without any installation
IFC model viewer comparison table
| Program | Features | Supported files | Price | Best in use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trimble Connect | Combination models, task management | IFC, DWG, RVT, SKP, PDF | Free + paid add-ons | Cloud-based collaboration |
| BIMcollab Zoom | Collision checks, Smart Views | IFC, BCF | Free + licenses | Design error management |
| Dalux BIM Viewer | Mobile use, construction site use | IFC, DWG, PDF | Free + paid add-ons | Construction site information sharing and mobile use |
| BIM Vision | Light viewing, extensions | IFC, IFCZIP | Free + paid extensions | Light and fast reviews |
| Sortdesk IFC Viewer | Cloud-based viewing, IDS validation | IFC, IDS | Free + paid add-ons | Browser usage and validation |
Comparison table of IFC model viewers
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IFC model as the basis for information modeling
The IFC model is at the heart of Building Information Modeling (BIM) processes, managing the complex data flows of construction projects. The openness and compatibility of the IFC file make it a key tool when it comes to combining design, implementation and maintenance information into a single model.
The importance of the IFC model in the BIM process
The IFC model enables the implementation of the basic principles of information modeling:
- Cooperation: different designers and contractors can work on the same information model.
- Information transparency: all stakeholders see up-to-date information.
- Error reduction: the amount of duplicate work and design errors is reduced.
IFC model and BIM standards
The IFC model supports the most common BIM standards and enables:
- Open BIM collaboration between different software.
- Collision checks and analyses without data loss.
- From planning to transferring information to the construction site and maintenance.
Diagram of the BIM process using an IFC model
Benefits of the IFC model for different stakeholders in a construction project
The IFC model offers significant benefits to various stakeholders in a construction project. The IFC file allows information to flow seamlessly between designers, contractors, and clients, improving collaboration, reducing errors, and saving costs.
Benefits of the IFC model for designers
Designers benefit from the IFC model in the following ways:
- The ability to integrate data from different design disciplines into one model
- Detecting errors and discrepancies at an early stage
- Improved communication with other project parties
Benefits of the IFC model for developers and clients
The IFC model brings the following benefits to developers and clients:
- Better cost and schedule management
- A clear overview of the project's progress
- Transparent reporting and documentation to support decision-making
Benefits of the IFC model for contractors
For contractors, the IFC file is a valuable tool because it allows:
- Getting up-to-date information to the construction site
- Accurate quantity calculations and material requirements
- More efficient scheduling and resource utilization
Infographic presenting the benefits of the IFC model for different stakeholders
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IFC file challenges and solutions in construction projects
Using IFC files brings many benefits, but also challenges that can affect information quality and collaboration during different phases of a construction project. Identifying and resolving these challenges is important for a successful project.
Most common IFC file challenges
Common problems encountered when using IFC files include:
- Interpretation differences between different software
Different programs may read the information in an IFC file in slightly different ways, which can lead to incorrect interpretations. - Data loss during transfer
Not all information always transfers perfectly between models, which can lead to shortcomings in design and implementation. - Managing model size and complexity
Large IFC models can be cumbersome to handle, slowing down viewing and analysis.
Solutions to IFC file challenges
These challenges can be addressed by the following means:
- Compliance with standards
Ensure that all parties use the same IFC version and common agreements on data management. - Quality assurance and validation
Software is used that checks the validity of the IFC file before transfer and use. - User training and guidance
Training and instructions are provided to the parties to ensure smooth use of the files.
Examples of common problems and solutions when transferring IFC files
Implementing the IFC model in a company
Implementing an IFC model requires careful planning to maximize its benefits. When implementing IFC file processing and management in an organization, it is important to ensure the right tools, processes, and training.
Steps for implementing an IFC model
The implementation of an IFC model can be divided into clear steps:
- Current status survey
Let's find out what kind of software and processes are already used in the company and how they support IFC files. - Selection of software and tools
Select appropriate IFC model viewers and other tools that support project requirements. - Defining processes and practices
Guidelines are created for data management, file naming, and data flow management. - Training and competence development
Train personnel in the use of IFC files and ensure continuous development of expertise.
Best practices for successful IFC model implementation
A successful implementation includes:
- Creating common rules for all parties
- Implementing a pilot project to test processes in practice
- Continuous monitoring and development of processes based on feedback
Checklist of steps for implementing an IFC model
IFC model validation and clash checking
IFC model validation and clash checking are critical steps in the successful BIM of building projects. Validation ensures that the IFC file contains correct and complete information, while clash checking identifies any conflicts between solutions across design disciplines.
Why is IFC model validation important?
IFC model validation ensures that:
- The model data meets the agreed requirements and standards
- The building components and systems are correctly defined
- Incorrect or incomplete information is detected before the construction site phase
Validation reduces costs and delays that would arise from correcting errors in later stages of the project.
IFC model collision check
Collision checking helps you find:
- Overlaps between different systems (e.g. HVAC, electrical, structures)
- Incompatible room reservations
- Design errors that can cause problems during construction
Best tools for validation and collision checking
Recommended software for reviewing an IFC model include:
- Solibri Anywhere
- BIMcollab Zoom
- Navisworks Freedom
- BIM Vision (with extensions)
Image suggestion: Visualization of collision check in IFC model
Using the IFC model in building lifecycle management
The use of the IFC model does not end with the completion of the construction project, but continues throughout the entire life cycle of the building. The IFC file can be used to effectively manage building maintenance, repairs and modification projects.
The role of the IFC model in maintenance and service
The IFC model provides property owners and managers with valuable information, such as:
- Locations of building facilities and systems
- Materials and equipment used
- Maintenance instructions and schedules
This information can be used to optimize maintenance activities, reduce downtime, and extend the life of the building.
Utilizing the IFC model in change management
When changes are made to a building, the IFC model helps:
- Plan changes carefully
- Anticipate costs and schedules
- To ensure that changes are recorded up to date in the data model
IFC model and life cycle cost management
The IFC model can be used to better manage the costs of a building's entire life cycle because:
- Cost information is available centrally
- Life cycle analyses can be performed based on the model
- Maintenance and repair needs can be anticipated in advance
Opening an IFC file – Practical instructions and tips
Opening an IFC file is the first step in utilizing the information model in design, implementation, and maintenance. It is important to know the right software and practices to open an IFC model correctly and get the most out of it.
Steps to open an IFC file
Opening an IFC file can be done with the following basic steps:
- Choose a suitable viewer
Popular programs include Trimble Connect, BIMcollab Zoom, Dalux BIM Viewer, BIM Vision, and Sortdesk IFC Viewer. - Check IFC file compatibility
Make sure the software supports the version of IFC you are using (e.g. IFC4 or IFC2x3). - Open the file in the program
In most programs, you open a file by selecting “Open File” or by dragging the file into the application. - Take advantage of viewing features
Use zoom, sections, and layer views to get the best view of the model.
Tips for opening an IFC file
- Use free programs for testing before paid licenses.
- Optimize file size if necessary, dividing a large model into parts.
- Update your software regularlyto ensure that the latest IFC versions work flawlessly.
Compatibility and file formats
Most IFC viewers also support other file formats, such as:
- DWG (AutoCAD)
- BCF (BIM Collaboration Format)
IFC model compatibility with different software
IFC model compatibility is a key factor in successful BIM, as construction projects often involve the use of software from multiple vendors. The IFC file acts as a bridge between software, but its functionality also depends on the correct settings and software versions.
Most common software that supports IFC models
Many software programs support opening and processing IFC files, including:
- ArchiCAD – especially for architectural design
- Revit – widely used in structural and building services design
- Tekla Structures – structural design and steel structures
- Solibri Office – for model inspection and quality assurance
- BIMcollab Zoom – for collision checks and issue management
Compatibility challenges and their solutions
Compatibility challenges may arise, for example:
- IFC version differences (e.g. IFC2x3 vs. IFC4)
- On the different ways in which software interprets the content of a model
- About data loss during export and import processes
The recommended solution is:
- Updating software to the latest versions
- Using test models before actual data transfers
- Agreeing on standardized modeling practices among the project team
Benefits of using the IFC model in different software environments
The IFC model enables:
- Seamless collaboration between different parties
- Combining and comparing models in different programs
- Long-term data retention and archiving
The importance of the IFC model in environmentally responsible construction
Using the IFC model is an important part of environmentally responsible construction, as it can be used to optimize the use of materials, reduce waste and improve energy efficiency. With the IFC file, all stakeholders have access to accurate information about the design and operation of the building, which facilitates the creation of sustainable solutions.
Environmental benefits of the IFC model
The IFC model supports environmental responsibility in several ways:
- Material efficiency
The model can be used to accurately determine material needs and reduce additional purchases. - Energy analyses
The information obtained from the IFC file enables energy calculations and simulations that support the optimization of energy efficiency. - Waste reduction
More accurate planning and implementation reduce construction waste on the construction site.
IFC model and certifications
The IFC model can also be utilized to support various environmental certifications, such as:
- LEED
- BREEAM
- RTS environmental classification
The information obtained from the model facilitates the production of certification-related reports and documents.
The future and trends of the IFC model
The future of the IFC model looks promising, as continuous development, standard updates, and the introduction of new technologies improve its potential for use in the construction industry. The role of the IFC file is growing, especially with digitalization, artificial intelligence, and automation.
Development trends in the use of the IFC model
The following trends will determine the future of the IFC model:
- Better compatibility between different software
Integration between software is made easier with new IFC standards and interfaces. - Cloud-based solutions
IFC models are increasingly being moved to cloud services, enabling real-time collaboration. - Utilizing artificial intelligence and automation
Artificial intelligence can analyze IFC models, identify errors, and automatically optimize design solutions.
Development of the IFC standard
The buildingSMART organization is constantly developing the IFC standard, and for example, the IFC5 version promises even more versatile data transfer and better support for infrastructure projects such as roads and bridges.
Future benefits of the IFC model
The future of the IFC model will see benefits such as:
- More accurate and extensive information content
- Faster and more efficient project processes
- Better data traceability and lifecycle management
Future outlook for IFC model development and digitalization
The business benefits and sales perspective of the IFC model
Using the IFC model is not just a technical solution, but has significant business benefits that provide a competitive advantage for both design offices and construction companies. The IFC file can be used to streamline processes, improve customer satisfaction, and increase revenue.
Business benefits for designers and contractors
The IFC model supports business in the following ways, among others:
- Increased efficiency
Less time is spent fixing errors, allowing more customers to be served faster. - Improved customer experience
Accurate and visual models make customer decision-making easier and reduce misunderstandings. - Gaining a Competitive Edge
Companies that know how to utilize the IFC model can offer customers value-added services, such as energy calculations and collision checks.
Sales opportunities
The IFC model allows companies to develop new services and business models, for example:
- Model-based quotes and calculations
- Maintenance and service agreements based on the information model
- Environmental certification services and energy efficiency analyses
Customer benefits
Customers benefit from the IFC model as follows:
- More transparent project management
- Better predictability of costs and schedules
- The opportunity to participate in planning through more detailed visualizations
Infographic on the business and customer benefits of the IFC model
IFC – Summary and how Visu24 can help?
The IFC model has become a cornerstone of building information management, providing an efficient and compatible way to manage information models throughout the entire lifecycle of a construction project. The IFC file can be used to ensure smooth data transfer between different software, improve collaboration among stakeholders, and reduce errors from design to maintenance. In this article, we discussed the basics of the IFC model, its benefits, challenges, viewing programs, implementation phases, and future prospects.
Visu24 offers expert assistance in utilizing IFC models in 3D visualizations.
Contact the Visu24 team - we will help you get the most out of IFC modeling and ensure that your project progresses efficiently and with high quality.
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